Every year millions of people face skin disease of a different nature. They can be infectious and noninfectious. Most often, (completely healthy at first glance, people) are diagnosed with psoriasis. It occurs in different parts of the body can be of different intensity. Interfere with patients and their surroundings, because people are afraid of infection. Check out what is psoriasis, its causes, symptoms and treatment methods.
What is psoriasis
Psoriasis on the skin disease of a chronic nature, cannot be transmitted from person to person. Previously, this diagnosis seemed to be a nutritional inflammation of the skin, but today it is called psoriatic disease, due to the fact that the system of nature, which occur as a result of a failure in the endocrine, immune and nervous system.
The mechanism of development of psoriasis on the body
Not to notice the nidus is not possible, because in that part of the body appears burning, itching feeling, redness and peeling of the skin. Any person who is faced with the diagnosis, begin to feel discomfort when dealing with people, because the disease disfigures the affected area of the body.
The mechanism of development is that the skin cells die after 4-5 days, but do not disappear, and formed into papules and flaked off, causing inflammation. The disease is not transmitted by touch, so epidemics do not happen. On the occurrence of psoriasis, associated with the hyperactivity of the immune T-lymphocytes.
Usually the disease appears in genetically predisposed, that is people who:
- If one parent has a predisposition to the disease, the likelihood of the diagnosis of the child – 25%.
- If 2 parents – 65%.
Psoriasis can occur at any age, although in childhood there were no signs of its presence. The trigger may be treatment with antibiotics, alcohol, stress, skin injury, vitamin deficiency.
Causes, symptoms and treatment of psoriasis
Although, the disease – psoriasis affects people for many centuries, its origin is still not installed. The disease can affect anyone, even those without a predisposition for the development of pathology.
Doctors put forward such a theory in connection with the causes of psoriasis:
- Virus.
- Immune.
- Infectious.
- A genetic link.
- Due to metabolic disorders.
Each of these causes can trigger pathological focus, localizable in any area of the body: head, arms (particularly elbows), legs, and psoriasis occurs after the chest and the abdomen.
Why a person has psoriasis: virus theory
Scientists in search of the causes of psoriasis found changes in peripheral lymph nodes, a sign of viral forms of the disease.
Doctors believe that retroviruses, transmitted by genetic means, that are the reasons of psoriasis, but to prove it, you need to:
- Stress is a retrovirus and identify it.
- To identify habitat.
- To consider carefully, which is beyond the power of modern medicine.
Retroviruses have the ability to change the genetic structure, with the synthesis of DNA and formation of "falsum progressio". This factor is still being researched, doctors, but for the transfusion of blood from the patient with psoriasis to healthy, never mentioned the disease of the other, who puts this theory in doubt.
Immune dysfunction
Immune the field of the impact of many structures in the body, but observed that the appearance of the sinusitis, tonsillitis, etc., autoimmune diseases, pathological injury aggravated.
In the initial onset of psoriasis, doctors believe that the primary source of the autoimmune aggression.
There have been many diagnostic procedures, treatment of patients with the emergence of de microabscesses of Munro, appeared in the result of abnormalities in:
- Immunoglobulins.
- Antibodies.
- The immune complexes.
Inflammation of the skin caused by psoriasis increases the sensitivity of the epidermis, especially in areas hit by chemical or physical means. Then, it is always more the size of a rash and irritation. In studies, experts have identified antibodies to antigenic components are the antigens that are not present in people without the predisposition to pathology.
The infectious theory
It is believed that the causes of psoriasis are directly linked to the infection. The aggravation of the pathology often fix, are the people trapped in the hospital, despite the fact that pathogenic fungi and micro-organisms detected. According to scientists, psoriasis on the background of the infection, which appears as a result of the arrival of impulses in the autonomic and endocrine systems, causing changes in the structure of authority on the basis of the immune dysfunction.
Also, there is an allergo-infectious theory, which is typical for an allergic reaction to viruses, micro-organisms and their toxic secretions, but officially, this theory is not yet proven.
Genetic theory
This theory suggests that psoriasis is passed from parents to children and from close and distant relatives.
This is because most of the people, which is used for skin-vein clinic with psoriasis, I have this disease, which has in the past close 3-5 generations, but to call the disease is strictly genetic is impossible, because it occurs against a background of complex disorders:
- Changes of the enzyme, lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism.
- Of the immune, endocrine, autonomic dysfunction.
- Viral and infectious diseases.
Disturbances in metabolism
Disturbances in metabolism, which are the source of many diseases.
In psoriasis studies show
- High cholesterol level
- Temperature below normal.
In this case, the experts klassificeret psoriasis, as the cholesteric diathesis, due to improper lipid metabolism cause the skin keratinization.
Also the clinical picture the patient may have the following characteristics:
- Disorders of the metabolism of vitamin groups of B6/12, And, C. the amount of vitamin C in the body more than.
- Lack or excess of zinc, copper, iron.
These factors reduce the adaptive capacity of people and contribute to the onset of diabetes, which are often accompanied by psoriasis.
If other not disease, psoriasis (additional reasons):
- Stress.
- Of acclimatization.
- Vaccination.
- Allergies.
- Women's hormonal disorders.
- Burns, injuries, bug bites.
- Medicines and alcohol.
- Hypothermia.
- Abuse of certain products.
- Food poisoning.
Psoriasis can occur in any person, regardless of age and gender, but rather seem more of the patient's body deals damage and changes the quality of your life.
The first signs of psoriasis
At the beginning of the disease, which is manifested in the form of a small, peeling-prone papules, localized in the area of the previously affected area of skin. In the initial phase of psoriasis can be gradual or sudden character development. Further, that appears on the skin of a pinkish nodules are a strong itch, burn and are starting to become covered in a rash, or a scaly crust. The patient shall endeavour to comb the pathological damage, because it brings relief, but further traumatize the skin. Combing the psoriasis is the risk of the disease spreading to the nearby tissue, so that when the first symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.
The first signs of psoriasis are a rash on these parts of the body:
- Inguinal folds.
- Head.
- Shin.
- The lower back.
- The stomach (under the breasts).
- Nails/fingers.
- Arms, legs, (knees, elbows, palms, soles).
To facilitate the diagnosis of psoriasis, experts are divided of the disease in several forms with their symptoms and the individual translations. For example:
- Symptoms of psoriasis plaque forms, which is typical for the depilatus red papules having clear borders. It is usually located in the head, waist, elbows and knees.
- When you, the tears, the psoriasis, the symptoms are completely different. In the affected area there are a number of small dots or pustules, when you allocate a transparent liquid. They usually occur on the back of the hands and feet.
It is a mild forms of psoriasis. Their development does not cause fever, joint pain, chills. However, you need to treat any form of disease, because if you do not resort to treatment with the first signs of psoriasis can spread to joints, the nails and mucous membranes.
If you want to learn how the disease in the initial stages, see figure signa develops on the skin, psoriasis.
Typical signs of psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis refers to severe forms of psoriasis. If the disease affects the joints, which leads to their deformation and even in partial/full dysfunction. At the initial stage of the disease, which is localized in the feet and hands, and then transferred to the segments of the spine and large joints. Then the joints increase in volume, start to hurt.
On examination the doctor pays special attention to the following factors:
- There is a genetic predisposition to psoriasis.
- Swelling of the joints.
- Pain syndrome, when walking, touch the elements.
- Limitations of mobility.
- Stiffness in the joints (day and morning).
Also, the specialist will prescribe the tests. First, it is necessary to ensure that the pain in the joints caused by psoriasis. For this the patient must take a test for rheumatoid factor. If the result is negative, so the doctor will put a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis.
The first signs of nail psoriasis
The first signs of the nail plate with psoriasis the same fungus. Then around the perimeter of the nail, you notice a depressed point, or longitudinal grooves. They can occur 1. nail or all at once, but the beginning of change is limited to the edge of the nail plate.
In the absence of treatment of the disease:
- Moving up to the roots.
- The nail becomes inflamed, thickened, dull.
- Around the nail is formed by the red border of the skin.
This is the risk that in the result of the nail plate may even flake off with the skin, or becomes, similar to a bird's claw, because the disease affects not only the skin, but the nerve endings.
Treatment of psoriasis
Psoriasis treatment is completely impossible, because the disease comprises a chronic character. The most that doctors can do is prescribe medication, which creates a strong remission of the disease.
With medicines prescribe a drug to a local destination. Increase the infiltration of the skin, reduce flaking and eliminate the inflammatory process, which include itching, the feeling.
So drugs, ointments and creams that contain:
- Dithranol.
- Salicylic acid.
- Sulphur.
- Urea.
Also, experts prescribe the local glucocorticoids and lotions that are suitable for the treatment of the scalp.
The purpose of the therapy is influenced by many factors:
- The patient's age.
- The primary manifestation of disease or deterioration.
- As the inflammation progresses.
- Where is localized damage.
- The duration of the disease.
- In what form is manifested, etc ..
The meeting of the expert will examine the patient, collect medical history and prescribe a biopsy of the affected area.
After receiving the results, the use of these treatment methods.
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At an advanced stage hormonal anti-inflammatory: During acute and severe inflammation, fluorinated media: |
These medications in 70% of cases to eliminate inflammation and rashes within 2 weeks of treatment of psoriasis. |
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Glucocorticoids negalogenizirovannam type: |
Tools are often demanded for the treatment of pensioners and children, because the de-composition of the fluorine and chlorine reduces the likelihood of allergic reactions. |
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Creams and ointments on the basis of dithranol: |
Are antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effect. Often cause allergies, in the form of itching and local swelling. Administered in increasing doses for short-term treatment. |
In addition to these methods there are also other, equally effective, but they should choose solely the doctor. Not correctly selected therapy is able to aggravate the patient's condition and lead to the progressive inflammatory process in the background of allergic reactions, so it is not experimenting with drugs. In addition, they must constantly change, because the body gets used to the medicine and the therapy efficiency is gradually reduced.